Before we delve into slightly more advanced plotting commands I want to talk a little about linear models, specifically, linear regression. In R this is very, very simple. For instance, in our 'states' data frame, we might want to look at median household income as a predictor of state education expenditures. The command lm calculates this for us. We'll call our first model, 'model1':
model1 <- lm (publicedexp~hincome)
OK, great, but where are our results? One of the things about R is that you can assign names to all sorts of things, even models. That way, you can continually refer to them when doing other things (as we'll see a bit later.) The way to look at our results is with this:
summary (model1)
Call:
lm(formula = publicedexp ~ hincome)
Residuals:
Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
-397.50 -127.43 -8.69 120.96 431.85
Coefficients:
Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
(Intercept) 2.516e+02 1.735e+02 1.450 0.153
hincome 2.346e-02 3.869e-03 6.063 1.87e-07 ***
---
Signif. codes: 0 ‘***’ 0.001 ‘**’ 0.01 ‘*’ 0.05 ‘.’ 0.1 ‘ ’ 1
Residual standard error: 198.8 on 49 degrees of freedom
Multiple R-squared: 0.4287, Adjusted R-squared: 0.417
F-statistic: 36.76 on 1 and 49 DF, p-value: 1.87e-07
Which gives us a lot more information than if we'd just run the lm command without assigning a name to the model. Later we'll look at how we can integrate our linear model with our plots.
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